Solar photovoltaics (PV) are a key player in the global transition to renewable energy. By converting sunlight directly into electricity, solar PV systems offer a sustainable and efficient way to generate power. As the world grapples with climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels, renewable energy sources like solar PV cannot be overstated.
How Solar Panels Work?
Solar panels operate on the principle of the photovoltaic effect, where semiconductor materials like silicon absorb sunlight and release electrons. When captured by an electric field within the solar cells, these free electrons create an electric current. This current is then directed through an inverter to be converted into alternating current (AC), the standard form of electricity used in homes and businesses.
The greater the intensity of the light, the greater the flow of electricity. PV systems generate no greenhouse gases, saving approximately 325kg of carbon dioxide emissions per year – adding up to about 8 tonnes over a system’s lifetime – for each kilowatt peak (kWp – PV cells are referred to in terms of the amount of energy they generate in full sun light).
PV arrays now come in a variety of shapes and colours, ranging from grey ’solar tiles’ that look like roof tiles, to panels and transparent cells that you can use on conservatories and glass to provide shading as well as generating electricity. As well as enabling you to generate free electricity, they can provide an interesting alternative to conventional roof tiles.
Read Further: How Do Solar Panels Work?
Types of Solar Panels
Monocrystalline Panels
Monocrystalline panels are made from a single, pure silicon crystal and are known for their high efficiency and longevity. Their uniform appearance and better performance in low-light conditions make them a popular choice, albeit at a higher cost.
Polycrystalline Panels
These panels are made from multiple silicon crystals melted together. They are less efficient than monocrystalline panels but are more cost-effective, making them suitable for larger installations where space is not a constraint.
Thin-Film Panels
Thin-film panels are lightweight and flexible and constructed from various materials, such as cadmium telluride or amorphous silicon. While they are less efficient than crystalline panels, their adaptability and lower cost make them ideal for certain applications.
Components of a Solar PV System
- Solar Panels: The primary component that captures sunlight and converts it into electricity.
- Inverter: Converts the direct current (DC) the panels produces into alternating current (AC) for use in buildings.
- Batteries: Store excess energy produced during the day for use during nighttime or cloudy periods.
- Grid Connection: Allows surplus energy to be fed back into the national grid, enabling a two-way exchange of electricity and often earning the system owner credits or payments.
Benefits of Solar Photovoltaics
Environmental Benefits
Solar PV systems significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil fuel-based electricity with clean, renewable energy. This transition lowers the carbon footprint of energy production and contributes to cleaner air, benefiting public health and the environment.
Economic Benefits
- Lower Energy Bills: Solar PV systems can significantly reduce electricity bills by generating a portion or all of a building’s energy needs. The savings can be substantial over time, especially with rising energy prices.
- Increased Property Value: Properties equipped with solar PV systems are often valued higher than those without, as buyers recognise the long-term financial benefits and sustainability advantages.
Energy Independence
Solar PV systems provide a degree of energy independence by reducing reliance on external power sources. This is particularly beneficial in remote areas or during power outages, where a solar system with battery storage can continue to supply electricity.
Grid Stability
By generating electricity close to the point of consumption, solar PV systems reduce the load on the grid and contribute to overall stability. Additionally, the widespread adoption of solar PV can decrease the need for extensive and costly grid infrastructure upgrades.
Factors to Consider Before Installing Solar PV
Sun Exposure and Shading
The effectiveness of a solar PV system is highly dependent on the amount of sunlight it receives. To maximize energy production, it is crucial to assess the orientation, tilt, and shading of the installation site. In the UK, south-facing roofs with minimal shading are ideal.
Local Regulations and Incentives
Before installation, it’s important to understand local regulations and incentives. The UK government offers various schemes, such as the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG), which allows solar PV owners to sell excess electricity back to the grid. Planning permissions and building regulations should also be reviewed to ensure compliance.
System Size and Cost
The size of the solar PV system should be tailored to the property’s energy needs. Larger systems generate more electricity but come with higher upfront costs. It’s important to balance the potential savings with the initial investment and consider financing options like loans or leasing.
Prices for PV systems vary, depending on the size of the system to be installed, type of PV cell used and the nature of the actual building on which the PV is mounted. The size of the system is dictated by the amount of electricity required.
The average domestic system costs around £4,000- £9,000 per kWp installed, with most systems usually between 1.5 and 2 kWp. Solar tiles cost more than conventional panels, and panels that are integrated into a roof are more expensive than those that sit on top.
If you intend to have major roof repairs carried out it may be worth exploring PV tiles as they can offset the cost of roof tiles.
Grid connected systems require very little maintenance, generally limited to ensuring that the panels are kept relatively clean and that shade from trees has not become a problem. The wiring and components of the system should however be checked regularly by a qualified technician.
Stand-alone systems, i.e. those not connected to the grid, need maintenance on other system components, such as batteries.
Energy Storage Options
While batteries are not essential for all solar PV systems, they are beneficial for storing excess energy for later use. This is particularly useful in areas with frequent power outages or for those seeking to maximize energy independence.
EvoEnergy’s Solar Panel Installation Process
Switching to solar energy may seem challenging, but it doesn’t have to be. Here’s a breakdown of our streamlined process:
- Consultation with a Solar Specialist: Our renewable energy experts will assess your current energy consumption and future needs to help you identify the ideal size and type of solar system for your situation.
- Explore Financial Solutions: Various financing options are available, including leasing, loans, and power purchase agreements (PPAs). We’ll help you select the best option that aligns with your financial goals.
- Installation and Ongoing Support: After your solar system is installed, our team will provide continuous monitoring and maintenance to ensure it operates at maximum efficiency.
Unlock the Power of Solar PV for Your Business Today!
Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems offer numerous advantages, from reducing your carbon footprint and lowering energy bills to increasing your property value and enhancing energy independence. When you consider factors like sun exposure, local regulations, and system size, solar energy is clear as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for the future.
If you’re ready to explore how solar energy can benefit your business, EvoEnergy is here to guide you every step of the way. From expert consultation to ongoing monitoring and maintenance, we provide the expertise and resources to make your transition to renewable energy seamless.
For more information about solar PV and other renewable energy technologies, submit an enquiry to today. And if you’re curious about how much CO₂ and money your business could save by installing solar panels on your roof, check out our Solar Panel Calculator.